Ukwakhiwa kwemikhumbi

1. 0 Isicelo emikhunjini

Izinto eziyinhlanganisela zaqala ukusetshenziswa emikhunjini maphakathi nawo-1960s, ekuqaleni kwenzelwe izindlu ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezikebheni zezibhamu. Ngawo-1970, i-superstructure yabavukuzi basezimayini nayo yaqala ukusebenzisa izinto eziyinhlanganisela. Ngawo-1990s, izinto eziyinhlanganisela zase zisetshenziswe ngokugcwele ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluvaleke ngokuphelele (AEM/S) lwemikhumbi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto zokwakha zendabuko zemikhumbi, izinto eziyinhlanganisela zinezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini futhi zisetshenziselwa ukwenza izikebhe. Zinesisindo esincane futhi zonga amandla, futhi inqubo yokukhiqiza ilula. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe emikhunjini akuzuzisi ukunciphisa isisindo kuphela, kodwa futhi kwandisa i-radar infrared Stealth neminye imisebenzi.

Imikhumbi yempi yase-United States, Britain, Russia, Sweden, kanye neFrance ibheka ukubaluleka okukhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwezinto eziyinhlanganisela emikhunjini, futhi yenze izinhlelo ezihambisanayo zokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bezinto eziyinhlanganisela.

1. 1 Ifayibha yengilazi

Ifayibha yengilazi enamandla amakhulu inezici zamandla aqine kakhulu, imodulus enwebekayo ephezulu, ukumelana nomthelela omuhle, ukuzinza okuhle kwamakhemikhali, ukumelana nokukhathala okuhle, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, njll. Ingasetshenziselwa amagobolondo asemayini ajulile, izikhali ezingangenwa izinhlamvu, izikebhe zokusindisa impilo. , imikhumbi ephezulu yokucindezela kanye nama-propeller, njll. I-US Navy yasebenzisa izinto eziyinhlanganisela ku-superstructure yemikhumbi kusenesikhathi, futhi inani lemikhumbi elihlome ngezakhiwo eziyinhlanganisela likhulu kakhulu.

I-superstructure eyinhlanganisela yezinto yomkhumbi wase-US Navy ekuqaleni yayisetshenziselwa abavukuzi basezimayini. Iwuhlaka lwepulasitiki oluqiniswe ngengilazi yonke. Ingumshini wezimayini oyinhlanganisela yengilazi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Inokuqina okuphezulu, ayinazo izici zokuphuka kwe-brittle, futhi isebenza kahle kakhulu uma imelana nomthelela wokuqhuma kwamanzi. .

1.2 I-Carbon fiber

Ukusetshenziswa kwezinsika eziyinhlanganisela ye-carbon fibre-reinforced emikhunjini kuyavela kancane kancane. Wonke umkhumbi wama-corvettes we-Swedish Navy wenziwa ngezinto ezihlanganisiwe, ukufeza amakhono okusebenza okuyimfihlo okusebenza okuphezulu nokunciphisa isisindo ngo-30%. Inkambu kazibuthe yawo wonke umkhumbi "i-Visby" iphansi kakhulu, engagwema ama-radars amaningi kanye nezinhlelo ze-sonar eziphambili (kuhlanganise ne-imaging eshisayo), ukufeza umphumela wokukhohlisa. Inemisebenzi ekhethekile yokunciphisa isisindo, i-radar kanye ne-infrared double stealth.

Izinhlanganisela ze-carbon fibre zingasetshenziswa kwezinye izici zomkhumbi. Isibonelo, ingasetshenziswa njenge-propeller kanye ne-propulsion shafting ohlelweni lwe-propulsion ukunciphisa umphumela wokudlidliza nomsindo we-hull, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhunjini yokuhlola kanye nemikhumbi ehamba ngomkhumbi esheshayo. Ingasetshenziswa njengephini lokuqondisa emishinini nasezinsizeni, imishini ethile ekhethekile nezinhlelo zamapayipi, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izintambo ezinamandla kakhulu ze-carbon fiber nazo zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezintanjeni zemikhumbi yempi yempi nezinye izinto zempi.

Izinto ezihlanganisa i-carbon fibre composite zisetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zemikhumbi, njengama-propeller kanye ne-propulsion shafting kuma-propulsion systems, ukunciphisa umphumela wokudlidliza nomsindo we-hull, futhi zisetshenziselwa kakhulu imikhumbi yokuhlola kanye nemikhumbi ehamba ngomkhumbi esheshayo. Imishini ekhethekile yemishini nezinhlelo zamapayipi, njll.