Ubwubatsi bw'ubwato

1. 0 Gusaba mu mato

Ibikoresho byakoreshwaga bwa mbere byakoreshejwe ku mato hagati ya za 1960, mu ikubitiro ku nzu y’amato y’irondo. Mu myaka ya za 70, superstructure ya minehunters nayo yatangiye gukoresha ibikoresho byinshi. Mu myaka ya za 90, ibikoresho byakoreshwaga byari byarakoreshejwe neza muri sisitemu ya mast na sensor yuzuye (AEM / S) yubwato. Ugereranije nibikoresho gakondo byubaka ubwato, ibikoresho byose bifite imiterere yubukanishi kandi bikoreshwa mugukora ibicuruzwa. Nibyoroshye muburemere kandi bizigama ingufu nyinshi, kandi inzira yo gukora iroroshye. Gukoresha ibikoresho bikomatanya mumato ntabwo bigabanya kugabanya ibiro gusa, ahubwo binongera radar infrared Stealth nibindi bikorwa.

Amato yo muri Amerika, Ubwongereza, Uburusiya, Suwede, n'Ubufaransa aha agaciro gakomeye ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu mato, kandi byateguye gahunda ijyanye n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rijyanye n'ibikoresho.

1. 1 Ikirahure

Fibre ifite imbaraga nyinshi zifite ibiranga imbaraga zingana cyane, modulus yo hejuru ya elastike, irwanya ingaruka nziza, ihindagurika ryimiti, irwanya umunaniro mwiza, irwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, nibindi. , imiyoboro yumuvuduko mwinshi hamwe na moteri, nibindi. Amato y'Abanyamerika yakoresheje ibikoresho byinshi muburyo bwo hejuru yubwato hakiri kare cyane, kandi umubare wubwato bufite ibikoresho byubatswe nabyo ni byinshi.

Ibikoresho byubatswe byubwato bwabanyamerika Navy byabanje gukoreshwa mubucukuzi bwamabuye y'agaciro. Nibirahuri byose byubatswe muburyo bwa plastiki. Nibinini binini byose byikirahure bya minesweeper kwisi. Ifite ubukana buhanitse, nta biranga kuvunika, kandi ifite imikorere myiza iyo ihanganye ningaruka ziterwa n’amazi. .

1.2 Fibre

Ikoreshwa rya karuboni fibre-yongerewe imbaraga ya masite kumato igenda igaragara buhoro buhoro. Ubwato bwose bwa corvettes ya Suwede Navy bukozwe mubikoresho byinshi, bigera kubushobozi buke bwo kwiba no kugabanya ibiro 30%. Umwanya wa magnetiki wubwato "Visby" bwose ni buke cyane, bushobora kwirinda radar nyinshi hamwe na sisitemu ya sonar igezweho (harimo no gushushanya amashyuza), bikagera ku ngaruka zubujura. Ifite imirimo yihariye yo kugabanya ibiro, radar na infragre ebyiri yibye.

Ibikoresho bya karubone birashobora kandi gukoreshwa mubindi bice byubwato. Kurugero, irashobora gukoreshwa nka moteri na moteri igenda muri sisitemu yo gusunika kugirango igabanye ingaruka zinyeganyega n urusaku rwa hull, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mubwato bwiperereza hamwe nubwato bwihuta. Irashobora gukoreshwa nk'uruziga mu mashini n'ibikoresho, ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe byihariye bya mashini na sisitemu yo kuvoma, n'ibindi. Byongeye kandi, imigozi ya fibre fibre ikomeye cyane ikoreshwa cyane mu nsinga z'amato y'intambara yo mu mazi n'ibindi bikoresho bya gisirikare.

Ibikoresho bya karuboni bikoreshwa mubindi bikoresho byubwato, nka moteri na moteri bigenda kuri sisitemu yo kugenda, kugirango bigabanye ingaruka zinyeganyega n urusaku rwa hull, kandi ahanini bikoreshwa mubwato bwiperereza hamwe nubwato bwihuta. Ibikoresho byihariye bya mashini na sisitemu yo kuvoma, nibindi