01
1. Ukusetshenziswa okubanzi kwamandla asebenzayo nahlanzekile
Amandla ezinto ezimbiwa phansi azothathelwa indawo amandla amasha asebenzayo nahlanzekile. Imithombo yamandla emisha njengamandla kagesi, amandla e-hydrogen, namandla elanga isiphenduke imithombo yamandla evamile ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwayo okuphezulu, ukungangcoli, nezici ezingabizi kakhulu. Esikhundleni samandla ezinto ezimbiwa phansi angcolisa kakhulu futhi angavuseleleki, abantu bazodlulela enkathini ehlanzekile.
2. Isivinini esikhulu, ukuphepha nokonga amandla
Idizayini yezokuthutha izothuthukela kusivinini esiphezulu, ukuphepha nokonga amandla. Ngenxa yesidingo esiphuthumayo sabantu sesikhathi esifushane sokuhamba, isivinini sezokuthutha sizokwenyuka kakhulu, futhi ukuhamba kwansuku zonke okudlula amakhilomitha angu-200 ngehora kuzoba yinto evamile. Ngenkathi ufinyelela uhambo lokuya emsebenzini olunesivinini esikhulu, wonke umuntu uzonaka kakhulu ukuphepha ngesikhathi sokushayela, okudinga ukufaniswa kwezinto ezintsha eziqinile nezihlala isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimoto zizoqhubeka nokuthuthuka ngokonga amandla kanye nesisindo esincane.
3. Imoto ehlakaniphile
Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bolwazi kanye nesidingo sokusebenzisana kwabantu namakhompyutha, ezokuthutha zizohlakanipha kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, ulwazi lokushayela luyathuthukiswa. Ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile obufana nobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye ne-inthanethi Yazo Zonke Izinto zizosetshenziswa kabanzi ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwamathuluzi ezokuthutha.
4. Thuthukisa ulwazi lokushayela
Ngaleso sikhathi, abantu ngeke banake umsebenzi wezokuthutha. Kuzoba nezidingo eziphezulu zokuhlobisa ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwezimoto. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ergonomics kanye ne-aerodynamics kuzovame kakhulu, okubeka phambili izidingo ezintsha zezinto zokwakha.
5. Umklamo we-modular
Ukugcinwa nokushintshwa kwezimoto kuzoba lula.
Ngokocwaningo nokubikezela kweminyango efanele emkhakheni wezokuthutha: esikhathini esizayo, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwabantu nokuhamba kahle kwabantu, izimoto zokuhamba kufanele zibe nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo ekusetshenzisweni kwezinto:
Izinzuzo Isicelo of carbon fibre emkhakheni wezokuthutha
Uma kuziwa ku-carbon fiber, ngikholelwa ukuthi wonke umuntu ujwayele leli gama, ngoba le nto eyinhlanganisela isetshenziswe kakhulu ekuphileni, ikakhulukazi eminye imikhiqizo ephezulu. Okulandelayo, sifuna ukukhombisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ze-carbon fibre ezimotweni. Njengamanje, i-lightweight isiphenduke inkomba evamile yokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto. I-Carbon fiber ayikwazi nje ukunciphisa isisindo somzimba ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu, ithuthukise ukuqina kwesakhiwo somzimba, kodwa futhi ithuthukise ulwazi lokushayela lwabasebenzisi. Ucwaningo oluningi lwenziwe ngezingxenye ze-carbon fibre auto izingxenye ze-Norn composite. Ngezansi ngizobhala ezinye izici ze-carbon fiber materials ezingasetshenziswa ezimotweni.
1. I-Brake disc: I-Brake disc iyingxenye ebalulekile yezingxenye zezimoto. Kuhlobene eduze nokuphepha kwethu. Ngakho-ke, ukuze siphephe, ngisho noma ukusebenza kwemoto kumpofu noma kunezinkinga eziningi, uhlelo lokubhuleka kufanele lukwazi ukusebenza ngokuzinzile. Iningi lama-brake disc asetshenziswa ezimotweni manje ama-metal brake disc. Nakuba umphumela wokubhuleka ungemubi, usemubi kakhulu kunamadiski e-carbon ceramic brake disc. Nakuba i-carbon ceramic brake discs isinesikhathi eside ikhona, ababaningi abantu abayiqonda ngempela. Lobu buchwepheshe baqala ukusetshenziswa ezindizeni ngeminyaka yawo-1970, futhi baqala ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni zemijaho ngeminyaka yawo-1980. Imoto yokuqala yezakhamuzi ukusebenzisa amabhuleki e-carbon ceramic kwakuyi-Porsche 996 GT2. Kuthiwa imoto yomjaho esebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe bokubhuleka iyakwazi ukuguqula imoto isuke esimweni sokuhamba ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha angu-200 ngehora iye endaweni enganyakazi ngemizuzwana emithathu kuphela, okukhombisa ukusebenza kwayo ngamandla. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi ukusebenza kwalobu buchwepheshe kunamandla kakhulu, ngokuvamile akubonakali ezimotweni zabantu, kodwa kusetshenziswe kakhulu ezimotweni zezemidlalo ngaphezu kwesigaba sezinga lesigidi. Okubizwa ngokuthi i-carbon fibre brake disc iwuhlobo lwezinto ezikhukhulayo ezenziwe nge-carbon fiber njengento eqinisayo. Isebenzisa ngokugcwele izinto ezibonakalayo ze-carbon fiber, enamandla amakhulu, ukuminyana okuphansi, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukushisa okushisa okusheshayo, i-modulus ephezulu, ukumelana nokungqubuzana, ukonga amandla nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, njll. Izici; ikakhulukazi i-carbon fiber composite friction material, i-dynamic friction coefficient yayo inkulu kakhulu kune-static friction coefficient, ngakho-ke isibe ukusebenza okungcono kakhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinto zokungqubuzana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlobo lwe-carbon fibre brake disc kanye nephedi alinakho ukugqwala, ukumelana nokugqwala kwalo kuhle kakhulu, futhi impilo yayo yesevisi evamile ingafinyelela ngaphezu kuka-80,000 kuya ku-120,000 km. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-brake discs avamile, ngaphezu kwezindleko eziphezulu, cishe konke kuyinzuzo. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe be-carbon fiber esikhathini esizayo, ukwehla kwentengo kungalindelwa.
2. Amasondo e-carbon fibre
(1) Ilula: I-Carbon fiber iwuhlobo olusha lwe-fiber material enamandla amakhulu kanye ne-high modulus fibers enokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni engaphezu kuka-95%. Isisindo silula kune-aluminium yensimbi, kodwa amandla angaphezulu kwawensimbi, futhi inezici zokumelana nokugqwala kanye ne-modulus ephezulu. Kuyinto ebalulekile enezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini ekuvikelweni kwezwe, ezempi kanye nezicelo zomphakathi. Ihabhu le-carbon fibre yamukela umklamo oneziqephu ezimbili, unqenqema lwenziwe nge-carbon fibre material, kanti izikhulumi zenziwe nge-alloy engasindi enama-rivets akhiwe, alula ngo-40% kunehabhu elijwayelekile lamasondo elinosayizi ofanayo.
(2) Amandla aphakeme: Ubuningi be-carbon fibre yi-1/2 ye-aluminium alloy, kodwa amandla ayo aphindwe izikhathi ezingu-8 kunawe-aluminium alloy. Yaziwa njengenkosi yezinto ezimnyama zegolide. Ubuchwepheshe be-carbon fiber abukwazi ukunciphisa isisindo somzimba kuphela, kodwa futhi buqinise amandla omzimba. Isisindo semoto eyenziwe nge-carbon fiber singama-20% kuya ku-30% kuphela wemoto evamile yensimbi, kodwa ubulukhuni bayo bungaphezu kwezikhathi eziyishumi.
(3) Ukonga ugesi okwengeziwe: Ngokocwaningo lochwepheshe abafanelekile, ukuphumelela kokunciphisa isisindo esingaphumi ngo-1kg ngokusebenzisa amahabhu e-carbon fibre kungalingana nokunciphisa isisindo sokuhluma ngo-10kg. Futhi njalo ukwehla ngo-10% kwesisindo semoto kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngo-6% kuya ku-8%, futhi kunciphise ukukhishwa kwegesi ngo-5% kuya ku-6%. Ngaphansi kokusetshenziswa okufanayo kukaphethiloli, imoto ingashayela amakhilomitha angama-50 ngehora, okusiza ukuthuthukisa i-Acceleration kanye nokusebenza kwamabhuleki kwemoto.
(4) Ukusebenza okuhlala isikhathi eside: Izakhi eziyinhloko zezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-carbon fibre zizinzile, futhi ukumelana kwazo ne-asidi nokugqwala kudlula okwezinsimbi. Kusho futhi ukuthi abaklami akudingeki bacabangele ukuwohloka kokusebenza okubangelwa ukugqwala ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo, okunikeza namathuba engeziwe okunciphisa isisindo semoto nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza.
(5) Ukweqa okungcono: amasondo e-carbon fibre anomphumela omuhle wokumunca ukushaqeka, futhi anezimpawu zokuphatha okuqinile nokunethezeka okuphezulu. Ngemuva kokuthi imoto ishintshwe ngamasondo e-carbon fiber angasindi, ngenxa yokuncipha kwesisindo esingaphenduliwe, isivinini sokuphendula ukumiswa kwemoto siye sathuthukiswa kakhulu, futhi ukusheshisa kuyashesha futhi kulula.
3. I-Carbon fiber hood: I-hood ayisetshenziselwa ukwenza imoto ibe yinhle kuphela, ingavikela injini yemoto futhi imunce amandla e-kinetic ukuvikela abagibeli uma kwenzeka ingozi, ngakho ukusebenza kwe-hood kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni imoto. Isembozo senjini yendabuko ngokuvamile sisebenzisa izinto zensimbi ezifana ne-aluminium alloy noma ipuleti lensimbi. Izinto ezinjalo zinemibi yokusinda kakhulu futhi kulula ukugqwala. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwezinto ze-carbon fiber kunezinzuzo ezinhle ngaphezu kwezinto zensimbi. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-hood yensimbi, i-hood eyenziwe nge-carbon fiber composite material inezinzuzo ezicacile zesisindo, ezinganciphisa isisindo cishe ngo-30%, okungenza imoto iguquguquke futhi inciphise ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Mayelana nokuphepha, amandla enhlanganisela ye-carbon fiber angcono kunezinsimbi, futhi amandla aqinile emicu angafinyelela ku-3000MPa, engavikela kangcono izimoto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-carbon fibre material i-asidi ne-alkali ukumelana, imelana nosawoti esifuthoni, futhi inokuguquguquka okuqinile kwemvelo futhi ngeke igle. Ukuthungwa kwemikhiqizo ye-carbon fiber yinhle futhi inhle, futhi ithungwa kakhulu ngemva kokupholisha. Izinto ezibonakalayo zine-plasticity eqinile futhi zingahlangabezana nezidingo zokwenza ngokwezifiso, futhi zithandwa ngabashisekeli bokuguqulwa.
I-4.I-Carbon fiber transmission shaft: Imishini yokudlulisa yendabuko ngokuvamile yenziwe ngama-alloys anesisindo esilula kanye nokumelana okuhle kokugwedla. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, uwoyela wokugcoba udinga ukujovwa njalo ukuze ulungiswe, futhi izici zezinto zensimbi zenza ama-transmission shafts ajwayelekile agqoke kalula futhi abangele umsindo. kanye nokulahlekelwa amandla enjini. Njengesizukulwane esisha semicu yokuqinisa, i-carbon fiber inezici zamandla aphezulu, i-modulus ethize ephezulu nesisindo esilula. Ukusebenzisa i-carbon fibre ukwenza ama-automobile drive shafts akuqinile nje kuphela kunengxubevange yensimbi evamile, kodwa futhi kungafinyelela izimoto ezingasindi.
5. I-carbon fibre eningi eningi: Isistimu yokuthatha i-carbon fibre ingahlukanisa ukushisa kwegumbi lenjini, okunganciphisa izinga lokushisa lomoya owuthathayo. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi lomoya wokungenisa lingakhuphula amandla enjini. Izinga lokushisa lomoya wokungena lenjini yemoto libaluleke kakhulu. Uma izinga lokushisa lomoya liphezulu kakhulu, okuqukethwe komoyampilo emoyeni kuzokwehla, okuzophazamisa umsebenzi namandla enjini. Ukuguqulwa kwesistimu yokuthatha umoya we-carbon fibre kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu, futhi izinto ezifana ne-carbon fibre ziyavaleka. Ukufaka kabusha ipayipi lokungena ku-carbon fiber kungavala ukushisa kwekhompathimenti yenjini, okungavimbela izinga lokushisa lomoya owuthathayo ukuthi lingabi phezulu kakhulu.
6. I-Carbon fiber body: Inzuzo yomzimba we-carbon fiber ukuthi ukuqina kwawo kukhulu impela, ukuthungwa kuqinile futhi akulula ukuwohloka, futhi isisindo somzimba we-carbon fiber sincane kakhulu, okungase kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli imoto. Uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi yendabuko, umzimba we-carbon fiber unezici zesisindo esilula, ezinganciphisa ibanga lokubhuleka lomzimba.
Inqubo ehlobene: Inqubo yokubumba yomjovo yokubumba i-extrusion yokubumba i-LFT i-bulk molding compound (BMC) inqubo yokubumba.
Njengomholi womhlaba wonke ezintweni ezintsha eziyinhlanganisela,
ZBREHON uthemba ukwenza ukubambisana okubanzi nabakhiqizi bezimoto abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba emkhakheni we-carbon fiber.
Ikhaya
