1.0 Isishwankathelo

Ukuze kube lula ukuba abangaphakathi kwishishini baqonde imeko yeshishini leembumba zehlabathi kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngakumbi ngo-2022, le webhusayithi iqalise uluhlu lweengxelo zohlalutyo malunga nemeko yeshishini leembumba zehlabathi ngo-2023. Ukuqhubeka kwinqaku elidlulileyo. , lo mbandela uza kushwankathela ngokufutshane imeko yangoku yeshishini lezinto ezidibeneyo zehlabathi kwi-aviation field kwi-2022.

2.0 Amathamsanqa axubeneyo kushishino lweenqwelomoya

Lilonke, imakethi ye-aerospace yehlabathi ubukhulu becala ikwindawo entle kakhulu, ezo ziindaba ezimnandi. Kodwa iindaba ezimbi zezokuba imveliso yeshishini iye yancitshiswa kwimpilo yentengiso ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwekhonkco lokubonelela. Ngenxa yoko, ukuhanjiswa kwaphinda kwacotha kakhulu kunokuba bekulindelwe.

Eyokuqala yimarike, kunye nenkcitho yezokhuselo yehlabathi ifikelele kumazinga aphezulu ngo-2021, idlula i-2 yeetriliyoni zeedola okokuqala ngenxa yemfazwe phakathi kweRashiya / i-Ukraine kunye neengxabano eziqhubekayo kwi-Western Pacific. Kulindeleke ukuba ikhule nge-5% ngonyaka, nangona ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuwenza nzima amandla okuthenga. Imakethi yeenqwelomoya zokulwa ikwimo entle ngakumbi, njengoko amagunya amakhulu kufuneka aphinde asebenzise izixhobo zawo zomkhosi ukuze athathele iintshaba zoontanga kunokuba alwe kunye nemfazwe ephantsi kakhulu.

Iinqwelomoya ezikwicala elinye zorhwebo lelona candelo likhulu labemi kwaye imfuno yomelele kakhulu. Iijethi ngokuyintloko zisebenzela imarike yasekhaya, kwaye iimarike ezingaphandle kweTshayina zibuyele kumanqanaba ka-2019. Iindlela zasekhaya ziyinkonzo yorhwebo, kwaye iinkampani zeenqwelomoya ngokusisiseko azinawo amandla okuxabisa. Ngaloo ndlela, uqoqosho lwenkonzo yasekhaya luxhomekeke ekuthinteleni iindleko. Xa i-fuel i-$ 100 / i-barrel, ukuba i-airline ine-Airbus A320Neo okanye i-Boeing 737 MAX kunye nabakhuphisana nayo, i-airline enejethi zanamhlanje inokubetha ukhuphiswano ngexabiso kunye nenzuzo. Ngoko ke i-single-aisle ikwaxhamla kumaxabiso aphezulu epetroli.

Uninzi lwamanye amacandelo asekuhlaleni nawo omelele ngokufanelekileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kweejethi zoshishino bekuphezulu, ngelixa ukufumaneka kweenqwelo-moya zangaphambili kuphantsi kakhulu. I-backlog iphezulu kakhulu, izikhombisi zingaphezulu kwamanqanaba ka-2019, kwaye imveliso nayo ikwinqanaba le-2019.

Ekuphela kwemarike ye-aerospace enokuthiwa ibuthathaka ziijetli ezineendlela ezimbini. Ubhubhani omtsha wenyumoniya yaba yeyokuqala, eyona kwaye inde ukuchaphazela izithuthi zamazwe ngamazwe. Oku kudale imeko eyoyikekayo yomthamo wamajelo amabini. Indima ekhulayo yenkxaso-mali yomntu wesithathu iye yayenza mandundu ngakumbi ingxaki yeendlela ezimbini, njengoko abaqeshwayo kunye nabanye abaxhasi bemali betyekele kakhulu ekuxhaseni ngezimali iipaseji enye, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba isiseko sabathengi babo sikhulu kakhulu. Kwangaxeshanye, ukwanda kwesakhono senqwelomoya entsha ekwindawo enye (kwakhona, i-A320neo kunye ne-737 MAX) ibenza ibe yenye indlela yeenqwelomoya ezimbini kwiindlela zamazwe aphakathi kunye nezithatha ixesha elide, ngakumbi kumacala omabini eAtlantiki.

Ngelishwa, ezi jeli zimbini zezona nqwelo-moya zinabantu abaninzi, ngoko ke ushishino oluhlanganisiweyo luxhomekeke ngakumbi kwimveliso yenqwelo-moya yasemkhosini. Apha, imveliso ye-F-35 iyaqhubeka ikhula ngokucothayo, ifikelela kwi-156 ngonyaka kule minyaka imbalwa izayo. Kuya kulandelwa yi Northrop B-21 Raider stealth bomber, nto leyo ngenxa yokungena imveliso, kunye nenkqubo Air Force kaThixo Next Generation Air Superiority ukulwa inqwelo moya, nto leyo ngenxa yokungena imveliso ekupheleni kweshumi leminyaka.

Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yazo zonke ezi projekthi zasekuhlaleni nezomkhosi, iithagethi zemveliso azifikelelwanga kuzo zonke iimarike. Ingxaki inzima kakhulu kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa i-jet injini, apho ukubunjwa kunye nokukhwabanisa kuyingxaki enkulu. Uninzi lwale yi-titanium, kunye nokuphazamiseka okubangelwa yimfazwe ye-titanium yaseRashiya-ngokuzithandela ziinkampani zaseNtshona kuba iRashiya ayizange ithathe amanyathelo okunciphisa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe - kwandisa iingxaki zokubonelela kwangaphambili.

Ukongeza, inxalenye enkulu yengxaki yehla ekusebenzeni. Imarike yezemisebenzi exineneyo, idityaniswa nento yokuba uqoqosho lusandul' ukufumana ukuchacha kwalo okokuqala, ukuphaphatheka kwezorhwebo kusemva kwexesha xa kuthelekiswa namanye amashishini kwaye ke ngoko kuqeshwa kade, okukhokelela kulibaziseko olukhulu.

Imarike yezophapho yasekuhlaleni neyezomkhosi ihleli yomelele, ngokulibaziseka kwemveliso kunyanzelisa uqeqesho oluthile oluvela kubavelisi beenqwelo-moya. Ngoko ke, kukho ithuba elihle lokuba eli candelo lezoqoqosho liya kuxhamla ekupholiseni kwamanye amacandelo, ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso kunye nokukhulula abasebenzi. Oko kuthetha ukukhula okuncinci ngokwentelekiso kwiinyanga ezili-18 ukuya kwezingama-24 ezizayo, ngokukhula okundilisekileyo kunye nokuhla kwamandla emali.

【Ikhonkco leReference】https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/qEwEVBQgNQo7OqGdEMd2jw

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